MEANING, SCOPE AND DESCRIPTION OF VERTEBRATE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
- INTRODUCTION
The various activities such as respiration, excretion, reproduction etc that take place in vertebrates are conducted, controlled and coordinated within/by various organs and systems.
1.1.1. DEFINITION OF ANATOMY
Anatomy is a latin word ‘ana’ meaning apart and ‘tomy’ meaning to cut
Anatomy can be defined as the study of the structure of the various organs and systems of living organisms. Study of anatomy of animals is referred to as animal anatomy, vertebrate anatomy, and that of plants is referred to as Plant anatomy.
1.1.1. DEFINITION OF PHYSIOLOGY
Physiology is the study of the functions of the various organs and systems of the various organs and systems of living organisms..
A. Difference between Anatomy and Physiology.
1. Anatomy is the study of structure of body parts including their forms and organization.
2. Physiology is the study of function of body parts.
3. Anatomists rely on examination of the body.
4. Physiologists rely on experimentation.
B. Relatedness of Anatomy and Physiology
1. Anatomy and Physiology are difficult to separate because anatomical structures make possible their functions.
2. The anatomy of the hand, which is long, jointed bones with attached muscles, allows it to grasp objects.
3. The structure of the heart includes powerful, muscular walls which allows it to propel blood into blood vessels.
4. The heart valves ensure that blood moves in the proper direction.
5. The shape of the mouth allows it receive food.
6. Teeth can function to break solid foods because of their shape.
1.2. BRANCHES OF ANATOMY.
1.3. BODY ORIENTATION
1.4. BODY CAVITIES
1.4. ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY